考生应该有新的构思、多彩的想法，当然也要避讳想法新颖但却无法用英语来表达的窘境。 一般的模式是在引言段复述题干内容，直截了当提出自己的idea，点明自己即将要在后文阐述的这个建议或解决方案好在哪里，为什么特别推崇这个方案。接下来就是摆事实讲道理，最后把文章引入一个自然的总结段中即可。 常用模板 1. 问题解决型(如1998 ，2002) 引言段 ：复述题干中的背景 a. -------- has become a hot topic among people, especially  among the young, and heated debates are right

会有不同的表现 ，主要体现为老 年人更关注人际关系和健康状况 ，年轻人情绪多变等。 emotion 指人

求他勇于承担自己行为所带来 的后果 ，因此应选consequence：结果，后果。seriousness ：严肃性 ；prominence ：突出；significance ：重要性。 9.A 词义辨析题 。本句是一句俗语 ，意思为  “自做 自受”。now that ：因为 ；in case ：万一 ；on condition that ：在……条件下 ；for fear that ：万一。 10. D 语法关系题 。imagine后的内容都是该词的宾语从句 ，同时 ，这个宾语从句中还包

In study after study, four traits are ____1____ of happy people. First, happy people, especially in ____2____ Western cultures, like themselves. On self-esteem tests, they agree with statements such as “I’m a lot of fun to be with” and “I have good ideas”. ____3____ we might expect of people who are usually happy, they report that they have positive self-esteem. Indeed, they usually have a good ____4____ of themselves: They believe themselves to be more ethical, more intelligent, ____5____ prejudiced, better able to get along with others, and healthier than the ____6____ person. Second, happy people typically feel ____7____ control. Feeling empowered rather than helpless, they also do better in school, ____8____ more at work, and cope better with stress. ____9____ control over one’s life—a phenomenon studied ____10____ prisoners, nursing-home patients, etc. —people ____11____ lower morale (士气) and worse health. Severe poverty is depressing if it destroys people’s ____12____ of control over their life. Third, happy people are usually optimistic. One could reason that pessimists, ____13____low expectations are so often ____14____, would constantly be surprised by joy. “Blessed is ____15____ who expects nothing, for he shall never be disappointed,” wrote poet Alexander Pope in a 1727 letter. ____ 16____ , positive-thinking optimists, those who agree that “when I ____17____ something new, I expect to succeed” tend to be more successful, healthier, and happier. Fourth, happy people are extroverted. ____18____ we might expect that introverts live more happily in the peacefulness of their less-stressed contemplative (思考的) lives, extroverts are happier--whetherliving and working ____19____ or with others and whether living in ____20____ or metropolitan areas. 1.   A. special    B. identical    C. typical   D. symbolic 2.   A. individual   B. individualized  C. individualistic  D. individualism 3.   A. Though   B. As    C. Since   D. While 4.   A. thinking   B. idea   C. evaluation  D. opinion 5.   A. more    B. greater  C. less     D. worse 6.   A. ordinary  B. normal   C. rest    D. average 7.   A. private   B. individual    C. personal   D. subjective 8.   A. succeed   B. acquire   C. award   D. achieve 9.   A. Depriving  B. Depriving of   C. Deprived  D. Deprived of 10.  A. in           B. with          C. on          D. at 11.  A. suffer   B. suffering  C. suffered  D. being suffered 12.  A. feeling  B. sense    C. emotion    D. act 13.  A. whom     B. whose    C. what     D. that 14.  A. extended   B. surmounted    C. exceeded  D. transcended 15.  A. he          B. his        C. him               D. one 16.  A. Nevertheless     B. Moreover  C. More or less   D. Insofar 17.  A. accomplish  B. undertake  C. encounter  D. engage 18.  A. Because    B. Whenever  C. Although  D. Even if 19.  A. singly   B. alone    C. lonely   D. solely 20.  A. county   B. urban    C. rural    D. suburban 文章大意 本文主要介绍快乐的人群所具有 的四点特征 ，分别是 ：较高的自我评价 、善于控制自己的生活、乐观和外向。 答案与解析 1. C 语义衔接题。根据全文内容可知 ，本文将要介绍的是快乐人群典型的特点 。typical ：典型的 ，特有 的；special ：特殊 的；identical ：一模一样 的，用法为These people have identical traits. ；symbolic ：标志性的。 2. C 词义辨析题 。individualistic ：个人 主义  （者 ）的 ，利 己主义  （者 ）的 ； individual ：个体的  （区别于团体 的 ），单独 的 ；individualized ：有个人特色的，分别考虑的，如 ：individualized education programs ；individualism ：个人主义 ，名词 。 3. B 语法关系题 。本句为as引导的非限定性定语从句 ，表示  “正如……”。 4. D 固定搭配题 。have a good opinion of  ：对  （某人 ／事 ）有很好 的评价 。 5. C 逻辑关系题 。根据上下文可知 ，快乐的人通常对 自己评

遇到自己满意的工作就接受。研究发现，虽然前者的收入要高于后者，但后者对自己的决定的满意度却要高于前者，因为前者更易患得患失。 答案与解析 1. C 语义衔接题。whether在这里引导的是状语从句，表示“不管……或是……”,常与“or”连用。 2. B 语义衔接题。根据上文的意思，有时我们面临的选择太多，以至于眼花缭乱。在吃冰激凌时，冰激凌往往有多种口味（flavors）供人选择，如：香草味（vanilla），巧克力味（chocolate）等等。taste表示“（酸甜苦辣等）味道”；variety表示“品种”；style意为“风格”。 3.

度上也会影响人们的思维方式和语言使用。所以，在外语学习过程中，同学们要通过学习英语了解英语文化和中国文化的异同，通过学习英语文化来了解英汉语言使用的异同。 3 短文主旨清晰，层次分明 听写短文具有主题突出、条理分明、层次清楚、语言简洁、逻辑性强等特点。2012年生态旅游这篇听写材料的第一句话就是主题句，第二句话举例说明现在人们的生活方式尽量不会对环境造成破坏，如回收报纸、瓶子，乘坐公交车上班，购买本地产的水果和蔬菜。第三句话讲人们旅游时也特别注重保护环境，因此出现了各式各样的新式旅游。材料最后部分阐述这些新型旅游的特征。本篇听写材料的语言特征：相同含义的单词复现率较高，如tourism,语言简洁，没有特别难的单词和句式。 例题2（2012真题） Eco-tourism Nowadays, many of us try to live in a way/that will damage the environment as little as possible./ We recycle our newspapers and bottles, /we take public transport to get to work, and we try to buy locally produced fruit and vegetables. /And we want to take these attitudes on holiday with us. /This is why alternative forms of tourism are becoming popular in the world. /There are lots of names for these new forms of tourism: /responsible tourism, nature tourism, adventure tourism, educational tourism, and more. /Although everyone may have a different defi nition, /most people agree that these new forms of tourism should do the following. /First, they should conserve the wildlife and culture of the area. /Second, they should benefi t the local people. /Third, they should make a profi t without destroying natural resources, /and fi nally they should provide an experience that tourists want to pay for. / 4 语言难度适中 所用词汇基本不超纲。文章一般不出现较生僻的人名和地名。句子结构不复杂，基本上以简单句和复合句为主。一篇短文通常会有两三个长句，但在朗读时停顿明显，比较容易判断。

大连理工大学出版社冲击波英语专八系列是专为英语专业准备参加八级考试的学生所编。希望广大考生通过本书科学合理的训练，能在考试的冲刺阶段扎实训练好每个专项，不再有弱项，全方位提高英语水平。

病态的）”，后者表示“超重的”，程度轻些，两种状态只能选其一，故用or。 3. 答案：More — Other 试题分析：本题为逻辑错误 。 详细解答：根据句子的意思：除医院提供的一些减肥的项目之外，几乎没有其他可供选择的途径，所以选用“除……之外”other than，而不是“比……多”more than。 4. 答案：∧the — to 试题分析：本题为缺词错误 。 详细解答：contribute是一个不及物动词，与介词to搭配使用，表示“有助于，促成，导致 ……”。 5. 答案：∧help — that或help — helping 试题分析：本题为从句误用 。 详细解答：关系代词that在句中作限定性定语从句的主语，不能省略，否则句子不完整。或者也可以使用help 的非谓语动词形式，作为补充说明。 6. 答案：the — / 试题分析：本题为冠词误用 。 详细解答：句中的new approaches没有特指哪些新方法，上文也没有提

常用的与网络相关的词语 ，常用 的还有upload ，copyand paste ，install ，uninstall等 。 rcases: “在其他情况下” ；也可以用inothersituations ，onotheroccasions，under other circumstances等 。 5. be put down:“记下”；这里还可以用be written down ，be recorded等 。 y record: “诚信记录” ；也可以用integrity record来代替 。 7.

题目：Income Sources of College Students 写作要求 According to an investigation, half of the income of American students comes from their parents, fifteen percent comes from scholarships and the rest from part-time jobs; while ninety percent of Chinese students’ income comes from their parents. What do you think of the result of this investigation? Write on Answer Sheet Two a composition of about 200 words on the following topic: Income Sources of College Students You are to write in three parts. In the first part, state specifi cally what your idea is. In the second part, provide reasons to support your opinion OR describe your idea. In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks. 审题思路 本题是一道个人观点表达型的题目，表述自己对中美大学生收入来源差异的看法，可以从以下几方面着手 ： 思路1：可以写导致这种现象出现的原因； 思路2 ：可以写这种差异将来会不会发生变化 ，变化的原因是什么 ； 思路3 ：也可以写这种差异反映了什么样的问题 ； 思路4 ：还可以写通过什么措施来消除这种差异。 范文赏析 Income Sources of College Students According to the investigation, Chinese students rely much more on their parents for financial support than their American counterparts . As far as I’m concerned, there are many reasons behind the gap and it will change in the future. 引言部分：作者先概述了题目给出的内容，这点很重要，如果只是简单复述，会留下文字驾驭能力不足的印象。接着明确说明下文要写的内容：原因和未来的趋势 。 In my opinion, the main reason lies in  the sense of independence. American students are taught to be independent when they are very young. For example, they will have to earn their own pocket money  by helping with the house  chores or doing part-time jobs since their childhood. On the contrary, Chinese students are taken such good are of that it is very difficult for them to live on eir own. In other words, American parents treat their children in college as responsible adults while Chinese parents will take it for granted that they should help their children in all ways as long as the children need it. As a result, Chinese American peers do. What’s more, Chinese students have fewer opportunities to find part-time jobs. 主体部分：作者重点给出了一个独立性差异的原因，并进而引申说明父母观点的差异导致了孩子独立性的差异，这里除了运用对比以外还通过举例证明自己的观点。除此以外，作者另外说明中国学生找兼职的机会少，这也是造成这一差异的原因。 However, the gap will narrow gradually in the future. Nowadays more and more Chinese students are seeking part-time jobs as they’re eager to acquire some social skills and earn some money, which will help them to do more in school and to live independently. As to the American students, I think the sources of American students’ income will remain the same. 总结部分：这个结尾是属于预测性的，认为这种差异会慢慢缩小，并给出了原因。 亮点回放 1.  rely: “依靠”，常用搭配为rely on sb. for sth. ，近义词为depend on sb. for sth.。 2.  financial support: “财务支持” ；这里用的是一个比较正式的说法 ，非正式 的说法其实就是money 。 3. counterpart :“对手 、职位（地 位 ）相当的人 ”；这是个正式用词，其实就是指American students。 4. behind the gap: “在这差异背后”；实际上在这里这个词组是“解释这个差异”的意思。 5. lie in: “在于”；也可以用consist in来代替 。 6. pocket money:  “零花钱”；此处也可以用allowance来代替 。 7. house chores: “家务活” ；也可以用family chores来代替 。 8. in other words: “换句话说” ，在这里其实起到了一个递进的作用 。 9. take it for granted: “想当然认为……” ；该词组 中的it是形式宾语 ，词组后面要接that从句 ，或者直接将宾语放在 中间 ，变成take ... for granted。 10. peer : “同辈” ；此处和上文 的counterpart为近义词 ，本文对 同一概念的词使用了不 同的表达方式 ，体现了作者 良好 的词汇驾驭能力 。 11. narrow: “变窄、缩短”常用作形容词 ，此处作动词用 ，常用搭配有  “narrow the gap”等。 12. acquire: “获得 、获取” ；通常搭配knowledge ，skill ，wealth ，information等 。