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张培基英译散文赏析之《文学批评无用论》
张培基
- 张培基英译散文赏析之《哭》
- 张培基英译散文赏析之《鸟巢》
- 张培基英译散文赏析之《困水记》
- 张培基英译散文赏析之《鸟巢》2
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读书笔记：张培基英译散文--《狗》01
就是感到人民的贫穷。”即“我将小狗的悲惨同张培基人民大众的贫穷联系在了一起”译为It’s because I associate the misery of the little dog with the poverty of our people 3，“民富而后猫狗肥。”即“只有人民富裕了，猫狗才会茁壮成长”，“只有…才”的译法有很多种，此处译者译为Our cats and dogs will never get nice fat unless our people are well-off.较“only when…”更加简洁~ 声明：沪江网高度重视知识产权保护，发现本网站发布的信息包含有侵犯其著作权的链接内容时，请联系我们，我们将做相应处理。
2017-02-10 -
读书笔记：张培基英译散文--《雨前》04
雨前 Praying For Rainfall 何其芳 He Qifang | 译文摘自张培基《英译中国散文选二》 中文： 我想起故乡放雏鸭的人了。一大群鹅黄色的雏鸭游牧在溪流间。清浅的水，两岸青青的草，一根长长的竹竿在牧人的手里。他的小队伍是多么欢欣地发出啾啁声，又多么驯服地随着他的竿头越过一个田野又一个山坡！夜张培基来了，帐幕似的竹篷撑在地上，就是他的家。但这是怎样辽远的想象啊！在这多尘土的国度里，我仅只希望听见一点树叶上的雨声。 英文： The scene recalls to my mind the duckling raiser in my home town. With a long bamboo pole in hand, he would look after a large flock of gosling-yellow ducklings moving about on the limpid water of a shallow brook flanked on both sides by green grass. How the little creatures jig-jigged merrily! How they obediently followed the bamboo pole to scamper over field after field, hillside after hillside! When night fell, the duckling raiser would make his home in a tent-like bamboo shed. Oh, that is something of the distant past! Now, in this dusty country of ours, what I yearn for is to hear the drip-drip of rain beating against leaves. 要点： 1，“清浅的水，两岸青青的草，一根长长的竹竿在牧人的手里” 与英语比较起来，汉语在表达思想时，有突出主题而忽略主语的现象。因此对于无主句我们通常要找主语，而主语通常为已知的信息。此处译者将此句译为With a long bamboo pole in hand, he would look after a large flock of gosling-yellow ducklings moving about on the limpid water of a shallow brook flanked on both sides by green grass.不仅译出主语，还做了变通，显出文学性，但我们在翻译这类句子是，一般采用顺译的方法，比较保险。下面两种译法供大家参考A great swarm of yellowish crane ducklings floated in the streams , the shallow blue water beneath, the green grass on both banks, and the long bamboo pole in the hands of the tender.A great crowd of light yellow ducklings would be taken to the waters of the creek----limpid water, lush green grass on the banks, and a long bamboo staff in the herder's hand. 2，“他的小队伍是多么欢欣地发出啾啁声”翻译拟声词时，虽然英语和汉语有很多词是可以对应的，但汉语的拟声词作为形容词，而英语的拟声词多为动词和名词。因此我们在翻译的时候要对词性和句形做调整。“唧唧叫”可译为cheep或chirp，jig-jig做拟声词用到的不多，（查完词典发现它居然还有些少儿不宜的意思，，，，建议大家还是用c开头的两个~ “这是怎样辽远的想象啊！”可以用how，此处用的that，同学们也可以学习下~译者使用现在时翻译，增加描述的生动性和现实感 综述： 无主句，拟声词，感叹句，每个都不能忽略~ －－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－ 声明：沪江网高度重视知识产权保护，发现本网站发布的信息包含有侵犯其著作权的链接内容时，请联系我们，我们将做相应处理。
2017-02-08 -
读书笔记：张培基英译散文--《狗》02
义气的动物。我为狗喊冤叫屈！猫才是好吃懒作，有肉即来，无食即去的东西。洋奴与小人理应被叫作“走猫”。 英文： Dogs always remain man’s faithful servants though they are underfed and kicked and beaten without any reason. A dog continues to perform with loyal devotion the duty of guarding the door and keeping watch at night though he has been starved to a skeleton and kicked at by his master. He never minds how poor his master is. Such an animal deserves our high praise. We should attribute to them such laudatory epithets as “devotion”, “loyalty”, “content with poverty”, “courage”, etc. But I wonder why we have been undiscriminatingly calling traitors and villains “running dogs”, as if dogs were disloyal and unfaithful animals. I should voice grievances for them!Cats, however, are greedy and lazy. They come to you when you have meat to offer, but otherwise leave you. Flunkeys of imperialism and mean persons should have been called “running cats”. 要点： 1，“随便”译为without any reason 2,“饿成皮包着骨”译为been starved to a skeleton，和前张培基面的 reduced to skin and bones by hunger同义 3，“狗永远不嫌主人穷”可译为He never minds how poor his master is。“嫌弃”还可以根据语境译为complain~ 4,“这样的动物理应得到人们的赞美”译为Such an animal deserves our high praise，或者earn out high commendation 5,” 我为狗喊冤叫屈”可译为I should voice grievances for them，“喊冤叫屈”还可译为cry out about one's grievances 6，“有肉即来，无食即去”即译为They come to you when you have meat to offer, but otherwise leave you.用otherwise代替已知情况，是省略情况的一种~ －－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－ 中文： 或者是因为狗的脾气好，不像猫那样傲慢，所以中国人不说“走猫”而说“走狗”？假若真是那样，我就又觉得人们未免有点“软的欺，硬的怕”了！不过，也许有一种狗，学名叫作“走狗”；那我还不大清楚。 英文： Perhaps the reason why we prefer to say “running dogs” rather than “running cats” is that dogs are good-tempered while cats are supercilious. If so, I would think that people are perhaps inclined to bully the weak and fear the strong.Maybe there is a kind of dog whose scientific name is “running dog”. I’m not quite sure. 要点： 1，“欺软的，怕硬的”即“欺软怕硬”，采取分拆译法译为bully the weak and fear the strong 综述： 老舍的文章句式都不是很复杂，重点注意其口语化表达的翻译方法。 声明：沪江网高度重视知识产权保护，发现本网站发布的信息包含有侵犯其著作权的链接内容时，请联系我们，我们将做相应处理。
2017-02-10 -
读书笔记：张培基英译散文--《雨前》02
落下“汉语的否定结果比较单纯，否定词只有“不”、“非”、“否”、“勿”、“别”、“无”、“未”、“莫”、“不是”、“没有”、“决不”、“毫无”、“几乎没有”、“几乎不”等简单的词汇，汉语的传统是倾向于动词否定。 而英语的否定除借助词汇手段外，还借助句子结构和特殊表达方式来表达否定概念，既有动词否定，也有名词否定的习惯。 此处译者译为is slow to roll down, 是使用系表结构~表达了了形式上肯定，意义上否定的方法。 综述： 注意本段讲的否定句的译法~实际翻译时为了符合英语表达习惯，我们可以“形肯意否“或采取否定转移的方法~ －－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－ 中文： 白色的鸭也似有一点烦躁了，有不洁的颜色的都市的河沟里传出它们焦急的叫声。有的还未厌倦那船一样的徐徐的划行。有的却倒插它们的长颈在水里，红色的蹼趾伸在尾后，不停地扑击着水以支持身体的平衡。不知是在寻找沟底的细微食物，还是贪那深深的水里的寒冷。 英文： White ducks have also become somewhat impatient. Some are sending out irritated quacks from the turbid waters of an urban creek. Some keep swimming leisurely and tirelessly like a slow boat. Some have their long necks submerged headfirst in the water while sticking up their webbed feet behind their tails and splashing them desperately so as to keep their balance. There is no knowing if they are searching for tiny bits of food from the bottom of the creek or just enjoying the chill of the deep water. 要点： 1.在处理多层定语句“有不洁的颜色的都市的河沟里传出它们焦急的叫声“是译者采用了后置定语来翻译，译为the turbid waters of an urban creek， 2，第二个多层定语句“那船一样的徐徐的划行“译者巧妙地按其功能处理为了方式状语 swimming leisurely and tirelessly like a slow boat 3，“不知是在寻找沟底的细微食物，还是贪那深深的水里的寒冷。“中的”不知…”=there is no knowing…,并且对于“寒冷”一词的处理也比较贴切。 综述： 汉语定语一般为前置，而且很少使用超过两层以上的多层定语，这是汉语的传统。在英语翻译语言的影响下，现代汉语的多层前置定语已经成为普遍现象。与汉语相比，英语名词常张培基常有多层定语限制，这些定语或前置或后置，或前后合并使用。明白了这些汉英差异，做起翻译也会稍微得心应手。 声明：沪江网高度重视知识产权保护，发现本网站发布的信息包含有侵犯其著作权的链接内容时，请联系我们，我们将做相应处理。
2017-02-08
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