诙谐的语言，生动的内容一分钟快速掌握科技最新动态 >>本期节目音频下载<< [en]Common batteries are electrochemical cells. And they may get better thanks to living cells: the [w]multicellular[/w] organism called brown algae.[/en][cn]普通电池都是电化电池，不过在活细胞——多细胞生物，褐藻的帮助下能够得到优化。 [/cn] [en]Lithium ion batteries include a binder. It holds the [w]graphite[/w] nanoparticles that serve as the anode. The binder isn’t active, but researchers say it’s crucial in the battery’s stability. In theory, a [w]silicon[/w] anode would make a better battery than graphite, but it’s not stable. Cracks form, and the battery degrades. The researchers thought—could a silicon anode succeed with a better binder? [/en][cn]锂电子电池含有一个粘合剂，里面的石墨毫微粒即为阳极。这个粘合剂并不活跃，但研究人员称它对电池的稳定性有至关重要的作用。理论上说，硅阳极电池要比石墨阳极的好，但不稳定，电池会破裂，也就不中用了。研究人员猜想——硅阳极和粘合剂结合能否奏效？[/cn] [en]Seawater has a high concentration of ions, much like the battery’s [w]electrolyte[/w]. So the researchers thought that an organism that survives in seawater might provide a natural binder. They tested [w]alginate[/w] from brown [w]algae[/w]. And it provided such an effective binder for silicon nanoparticles that the system didn’t degrade. The result? A battery that can store more energy, is less expensive, can last longer and wouldn’t use as many toxic chemicals in the manufacturing. [/en][cn]海水的离子浓度高，类似电池的电解液。研究人员推测，海洋生物很可能就是天然粘合剂。于是，他们用褐藻中的藻酸盐进行了一项测试，结果发现藻酸盐正是硅阳极绝佳的粘合剂，电池没有发生破裂。这表明了什么？这表明一种储能量大，价格低廉，耐久性强，有毒材料使用少的电池诞生了。 [/cn] [en]The research is online in Science Express, in advance of publication in the journal Science. [Igor Kovalenko et al., "A Major Constituent of Brown Algae for Use in High-Capacity Li-Ion Batteries"] [/en][cn]这项研究发表在《科学速递》网页专栏里，相关《科学》杂志尚未出版。 [/cn] [en]The scientists will refine their alginate efforts, in the hope that fast-growing brown algae can help contribute to our fast-growing battery economy. [/en][cn]科学家们会在藻酸盐研究方面精益求精，以期生长迅速的褐藻能够助迅猛发展的电池经济一臂之力。 [/cn] 点击进入参与科学60秒查看背景资料和单词总结>>> 声明：音视频均来自互联网链接，仅供学习使用。本网站自身不存储、控制、修改被链接的内容。"沪江英语"高度重视知识产权保护。当如发现本网站发布的信息包含有侵犯其著作权的链接内容时，请联系我们，我们将依法采取措施移除相关内容或屏蔽相关60秒链接。

诙谐的语言，生动的内容一分钟快速掌握科技最新动态 >>本期节目音频下载<< [en]Pixie[w] Camera[/w] Captures Precious Pixels[/en][cn]"精灵"相机的珍贵图片[/cn] [en]Cameras were once big and [w]bulky[/w]. Today, really good cameras [w]fit[/w] in your pocket. And now, researchers at Cornell have developed a camera that’s just a half-millimeter on each side and a [w]hundredth[/w] of a millimeter thick.[/en][cn]以前的照相机都又大又笨，而如今，一些好的照相机小到可以装进口袋里。最近，康奈尔大学的研究人员已经发明一种长宽只有半毫米，厚度仅百分之一毫米的照相机。[/cn] [en]The lens-less device is called a Planar Fourier Capture Array. It’s a flat piece of doped [w]silicon[/w]. Each of its [w]pixels[/w] is sensitive to specific incident angles and supplies a component of the [w]mathematical[/w] operation called the Fourier Transform to produce an image about 20 pixels across. The details of the new camera are [w]outlined[/w] in the journal Optics Letters. [/en][cn]这种无镜头照相机被称为平面傅里叶捕获阵列。它其实就是一块参杂了硅元素的扁平材料。它的每一个像素点都对指定的入射角十分敏感，并提供一部分称为“傅里叶变换”的数学运算以产生一张20像素的图像。这款新型相机的细节发布在《光学快报》期刊上。[/cn] [en]Animals like the nautilus manage with lens-less eyes. The images aren’t necessarily sharp, but they’re still useful. Same with this tiny camera. Patrick Gill, who headed the project, had been trying to create a lens-less [w]implantable[/w] device to detect brain [w]neurons[/w] that, due to [w]modifications[/w], glow when they’re active.[/en][cn]有些动物的眼睛里缺少晶状体，比如说鹦鹉螺。它们眼睛里形成的图像并不清晰，但是仍然可用。这款微型相机也是同样的道理。 领导这个项目的帕特里克·吉尔一直以来希望制造一种无透镜可植入式装置用来检测这些动物的大脑神经元。因为进化的原因，这些神经元活跃时会发光。[/cn] [en]The camera his team came up with could cost just pennies to produce, and could find use in surgery, research and [w]robotics[/w]. An insect-sized robot with tiny silicon cameras could tell light from dark and perceive general shapes. After all, the [w]flatworm[/w] planaria does just fine with eyes that are [w]arguably[/w] not as good.[/en][cn]他的小组所提出的这款相机成产成本很低，可用于外科手术，科研和机器人学。一个昆虫大小的机器人携带着微型硅相机可以在黑暗中感觉到光亮，并感应出大概的形状。从上可知，扁形涡虫的眼睛比理论上要好得多。[/cn] —Cynthia Graber 点击进入参与科学60秒查看背景资料和单词总结>>> 声明：音视频均来自互联网链接，仅供学习使用。本网站自身不存储、控制、修改被链接的内容。"沪江英语"高度重视知识产权保护。当如发现本网站发布的信息包含有侵犯其著作权的链接内容时，请联系我们，我们将依法采取措施移除相关内容或屏蔽相关60秒链接。

瓶子。将一些小瓶子放在草丛或者人行道上，一个小时后，将得到的样本给科学家。他们会识别蚂蚁的种类并且将数据存入相关的在线地图上，在地图上你可以找到你的标本并且能获得你花园中的生物多样性。 你可以找到一些特殊的蚂蚁种类，像很少见的大脚蚂蚁是北美最稀有的蚂蚁种类。或者第一个发现你所在区域内未知的普通品种。此外，那些被你送去大学的蚂蚁再也不会爬到你腿上了。 这篇材料你能听出多少？点击这里做听写，提高外语水平>>

后有了显著成果。[/cn] [en]The entire field of quantum mechanics was predominantly a young man’s game—which meant that as late as 1934, more than three-quarters of physics prizes were for work done by people under 40. But the more mature researchers have steadily increased their catch since then.[/en][cn]整个量子力学领域很显然是年轻人的游戏----那就是说，晚到1934年，四分之三以上的物理学奖是为表彰那些四十岁以下人的工作。但从那之后更成熟的研究人员不断地增长了他们获奖的几率。[/cn] [en]The study authors note that a shift from theoretical to experimental work can account for some of the age change. It also takes longer to educate and train new contributors to now-mature fields. So keep plugging. Unlike the youthful Archimedes, your “eureka” moment may come in a bathtub with safety bars.[/en][cn]研究人员注意到，从理论工科学60秒作到实验工作的转变可以归结于年龄上的转变。将新的研究人员引入到已经成熟的领域也需要更长的时间来教育和培训。所以继续钻研吧。和年轻的阿基米德不同的是，你的“我找到了”这样的时刻可能来自带有安全棒的浴缸里。[/cn] 是否喜欢这个广受欢迎的节目呢？那就别犹豫啦～点击下图订阅吧～已有3.7万沪友订阅了哦～ 或者订阅我60秒的相关节目

诙谐的语言，生动的内容一分钟快速掌握科技最新动态 >>>本期节目音频下载<<< [en]Science Grad Students Who Teach Write Better Proposals[/en][cn]工科研究生的写作“秘籍”[/cn] [en]Some graduate students in science, technology, engineering and math—or STEM—only do research, under the [w]guidance[/w] of a mentor. Other STEM [w]grad[/w] students also have teaching responsibilities, for example, instructing undergrads or local high schoolers. Now a study finds that grad students who also teach show significant improvement in written research proposals, compared with grad students with no teaching requirement. The finding appears in the journal Science.[/en][cn]有些科学、技术、工程和数学（简称STEM）的研究生仅在导师的指导下做一些研究。其他STEM的研究生则还有教学的责任，比如说指导本科生或者 当地的高中生。最近，一项研究发现有教学责任的研究生与没有教学要求的研究生相比，在撰写研究报告时有显著提高。这项发现发表在《科学》期刊上。[/cn] [en]Researchers followed almost a hundred grad students attending three different institutions. About half of the students also taught. All the grad students were asked to submit written research proposals at the beginning of an academic year and a revised [w]version[/w] again at the end. And those grad students who spent the year doing research and teaching showed bigger improvements in coming up with [w]testable[/w] [w]hypotheses[/w] and in the design of valid experiments.[/en][cn]研究人员跟进三所不同机构近100名研究称。其中有一半的学生有教学经验。所有研究生被要求在学年初交一份研究报告，在学年底递交修订版。而那些花了一年时间做研究和教学的学生在提出可检验性假设和有效实验设计中有很大提高。[/cn] [en]Differences in overall written quality among the students could not account for the results, because only specific skills among those analyzed showed improvement as a function of the teaching experience. So teaching may make STEM grad students better scientists. Not to mention better teachers. [/en][cn]学生总体撰写质量的差异并不能解释研究结果，因为在所有分析数据中仅仅这一项特定的技能显示出拥有教学经验的好处。因此教学可能会使STEM研究生成为更优秀的科学家，更不必说还会是更好的老师了。[/cn] --Steve Mirsky 点击进入参与科学60秒查看背景资料和单词总结>>> 声明：音视频均来自互联网链接，仅供学习使用。本网站自身不存储、控制、修改被链接的内容。"沪江英语"高度重视知识产权保护。当如发现本网站发布的信息包含有侵犯其著作权的链接内容时，请联系我们，我们将依法采取措施移除相关内容或屏蔽相关60秒链接。

解决问题。研究员被困100年的问题，现在可以通过玩家们玩游戏来揭开这个科学谜底。[/cn] [en]Scientists wanted to know the structure of a protein-cutting [w]enzyme[/w] produced by a [w]retrovirus[/w] similar to HIV. They haven’t been able to solve the protein structure using standard computational methods.[/en][cn]科学家们很想掌握由反向病毒所衍生的蛋白剪切酶的结构，而反向病毒是指，比如HIV这样的病毒。这类蛋白结构是不能通过标准算法法则推导就直接得出的。[/cn] [en]Now, the game—researchers developed Foldit in 2008. Teams of players fold molecules and [w]rotate[/w] [w]amino[/w] acids to create 3-D protein structures. Gamers get points for structure stability.[/en][cn]现在，我们说明这档2008年推出的游戏——佛德特（Foldit，学名：实验性的蛋白质折叠电子游戏），玩家可以各自分小组进行，所有玩家在游戏中折叠分子和旋转氨基酸，创造出三维的蛋白结构，游戏得分标准基于蛋白质的稳定程度。[/cn] [en]So researchers asked gamers to try to solve this particular protein. Within three weeks, the gamers found a good solution. The scientists then refined it and were able to completely determine the protein’s structure. Having the structure could inform the use of drugs to block the enzyme, and provide another tool against retroviruses, including HIV.[/en][cn]那么，研究员们只要设定好游戏，玩家们就想方设法折叠出规定蛋白的结构，3周后，玩家成功闯关。最后，只要科学家们再精炼总结一下，就能得到蛋白的结构。明白了这些蛋白结构，就可以制造出应对酶的产物，也可以提供遏止病毒蛋白质的工具，比如HIV病毒。[/cn] [en]The researchers say that people have better spatial reasoning skills than computers—and that using both humans and machines might be a way to overcome various structural challenges. The results appear in the journal Nature Structural and Molecular Biology. [Firas Khatib et al, Crystal structure of a monomeric retroviral [w]protease[/w] solved by protein folding game players] Co-authored by researchers—and a number of gamers.[/en][cn]研究者们认为，人类的空间推理能力要比电脑强大的多，所以结合电脑和人类的大脑才是解决各种各样问题的最佳方法。这一结果已经在《自然结构》杂志和《生物分子》刊登出来（Firas Khatib，等人；“美丽的反向病毒蛋白酶单链结构”），当然，作者一栏写的是研究员和大众玩家合著。[/cn] —Cynthia Graber   点击进入参与科学60秒查看背景资料和单词总结>>> 声明：音视频均来自互联网链接，仅供学习使用。本网站自身不存储、控制、修改被链接的内容。"沪江英语"高度重视知识产权保护。当如发现本网站发布的信息包含有侵犯其著作权的链接内容时，请联系我们，我们将依法采取措施移除相关内容或屏蔽相关60秒链接。

科学60秒，又称SSS，又称Scientific America，说到这里相信大家都能想起来这个著名的广播节目了~每天都播出，总是有新鲜的科学小结论等你来挖掘。

学学人;管道连通。 双语例句： 1、His strange habit makes sense when you consider that he's an environmental scientist. 当考虑到他是一名环境科学家，他奇怪的习惯就解释得通了。 2、Recently, a scientist has invented a special robot that can be a table tennis coach. 最近，一位科学家发明了一种特殊的机器人，它可以当乒乓球教练。 3、Einstein was a scientist who hated pomposity and disliked being called a genius. 科学家爱因斯坦不喜欢摆架子，也不喜欢被称为天才。 4

文章较难，大家听写填空即可~ Blackjack, slot machines, good ol’ Texas hold’em. People love to gamble. And we’re not the only ones. A new study shows that pigeons will also ____1____ a sure thing in the hopes of a big payoff. The work appears in the Proceedings of the Royal Society. Theories about foraging say that animals should stick with the proverbial bird in the hand, especially when it comes to food. Eating is key to survival, so clever critters shouldn’t take unnecessary chances. But these new findings suggest that pigeons don’t always play it safe. Scientists set up _____2___ in which pigeons could place their bets on one of two symbols. Peck at symbol 1 and you get three food pellets. Never more, never less. Symbol 2 was the wildcard. Choose that one and 20 percent of the time, you’ll ____3____: 10 food pellets. The rest of the time you’ll get nothing. But the lure of the big win was too hard to resist: pigeons chose to gamble more than 80 percent of the time, even though, on average, that path ____4____ fewer pellets. Perhaps it’s the joy of a pleasant surprise. Because even for ____5____, hitting the lottery is a hoot. pass up an avian casino hit the jackpot paid out a literal bird brain 二十一点、吃角子老虎机和德州扑克——人们都喜欢赌博，但喜欢赌博的不只是人。一项新研究显示，鸽子也会为了获得更大的回报而放弃一些近在眼前的好处。这项研究刊登在《皇家科学月刊》上。 觅食理论告诉我们，动物会贯彻所谓的“一鸟在手胜于双鸟在林”这种谚语，面对食物时更是坚定不移。吃东西是生存的关键，因此聪明的动物不会冒不必要的险。但是新的研究表示鸽子并不会总是谨慎行事。 科学家们搭建了一个空中赌场，让鸽子们在两个标志之间“下赌注”。在标志1处，鸽子可以啄食三粒食物，就三颗，不多也不少。而标志2处是个未知领域。如果选择了这个地方，鸽子就有20%的可能中头奖：得到十粒食物。其余80%的情况则不会得到任何东西。但是头奖的诱惑太难抵挡了：80%的情况下鸽子都会选择赌一把。虽然这个选择平均来讲得到的食物更少。 可能这是个让人感到愉悦的惊喜。因为就算在鸟儿那毫无想象力的脑袋瓜里面，赌博都是一个诱人的陷阱。 这篇材料你能听出多少？点击这里做听写，提高外语水平>>

科学60秒